Dysplasia

No association was found between the grade of ED and the worsening of clinical signs.

There were specific alterations which could be caused by the different morphologies, aptitudes and abilities of each breed.

Conservative management and surgical management both require rehabilitation therapy.

Surgical strategies reduce pain through off-loading of the medial compartment.

The ventrodorsal hip flexed and not distracted view does not require human operators.

PennHIP DI values were an effective measurement of hip joint quality.

This finding suggests that this simple, minimally invasive diagnostic technique has potential for discriminating dysplastic dogs from dogs with normal hips.

Decreased force may facilitate acetabular rotation during DPO procedure

The Vezzoni modified Badertscher distension device technique allows for a reliable in-house evaluation of canine hip joint laxity

Estimates of heritability ranged from 0.15 to 0.41, according to breed and country