Tendon and Ligament Injuries

Authors: Pucheu B, Duhautois B.
Journal: VCOT

This study evaluates 76 cases of shoulder instability in dogs, functional outcome after treatment, and the effectiveness of medial biceps tendon transposition using a metallic staple. Clinical examinations of the shoulder were performed and radiographs were taken. Conservative treatment or surgery (biceps tendon transposition or arthrodesis) was then opted for on the basis of type of instability, associated lesions and dog (age, weight, behaviour). Long-term functional outcome was categorized as 'excellent', 'good', 'average' or 'poor'.

Authors: Hossain MA, Park J, Choi SH, Kim G.
Journal: VCOT

Dexamethasone (Dexa) has been commonly used in humans and domestic animals, particularly in the treatment of tendon injuries and cartilage degeneration. However, it is often associated with tendon rupture and impaired tendon and cartilage healing. In the present study, we investigated Dexa's in vitro effects on the growth of cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis in canine Achilles tendon cells and chondrocytes.

Authors: Crovace A, Lacitignola L, Francioso E, Rossi G.
Journal: VCOT

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the regeneration abilities of cultured bone marrow mesenchymal cells (cBMSC) and bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) with fibrin glue, saline solution and sham control in collagenase-induced tendinitis of the Achilles tendon in sheep. METHODS: Six sheep were recruited randomly to each group: cBMSC, BMMNC, fibrin, saline and sham control. Each group received the relative treatment two weeks after inducing lesions (T(0)).

Authors: Bergh MS, Rajala-Schultz P, Johnson KA.
Journal: Vet Surg

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate factors that predispose to tibial tuberosity (TT) fracture after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) in dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: Dogs (n=182) with cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture undergoing 213 TPLO surgeries. METHODS: Medical records and radiographs of 2 groups of dogs that had TPLO surgery (2000-2001, 2004-2005) were evaluated to determine the effect of operative technique and surgeon experience on TT fracture. RESULTS: TT fracture was diagnosed in 8 dogs (9 TPLO, 4.2% of surgical procedures).

Authors: Krayer M, Rytz U, Oevermann A, Doherr MG, Forterre F, Zurbriggen A, Spreng DE.
Journal: Am J Vet Res

Objective-To describe the presence and amount of apoptotic ligamentous cells in different areas of partially ruptured canine cranial cruciate ligaments (prCCLs) and to compare these findings with apoptosis of ligamentous cells in totally ruptured cranial cruciate ligaments (trCCLs). Animals-20 dogs with prCCLs and 14 dogs with trCCLs. Procedures-Dogs with prCCLs or trCCLs were admitted to the veterinary hospital for stifle joint treatment.

Authors: Whatmough C, Moores AP, Magalhaes RS, Lamb CR.
Journal: Vet Rad Ultrasound

Caudocranial stifle radiographs with variations in positioning were made in two greyhound cadavers. Radiographs were repeated after each of three interventions: cranial cruciate desmotomy; release of the caudal horn of the medial meniscus; complete medial meniscectomy. The joint space on medial and lateral aspects of the joint was measured by a observer who was unaware of positioning or intervention. One dog had significantly wider joint space than the other (1.0 vs. 1.5mm). The lateral aspect of the joint space was wider than the medial aspect (1.7 vs. 0.7 mm).

Authors: S. Palierne, C. Delbeke, E. Asimus, P. Meynaud-Collard, D. Mathon, A. Zahra, A. Autefage
Journal: VCOT

Luxation of the radial carpal bone is an uncommon injury in the dog and cat. Previous clinical cases have reported palmaro-medial luxation with injury to the short radial collateral ligament. In this study a case of dorsomedial luxation of the radial carpal bone in a 10-yearold female Gordon Setter is described. A closed reduction of the luxation was performed and a conservative treatment was carried out. Thirteen months after the reduction, the dog had a satisfactory limb function, despite the presence of degenerative joint disease of the carpus.

Authors: C. Post, T. Guerrero, K. Voss, P. M. Montavon
Journal: VCOT

This report describes the temporary fixation of a traumatic shoulder luxation in a large-breed dog using a 3.5-mm Locking Round-Hole Reconstruction Plate (LRHRP) to provide stable internal splinting, allowing healing of the injured ligaments, joint capsule, glenohumeral ligaments, tendons, and muscles for restoration of joint stability. The use of a temporary plate with a locking system should be considered as an option in the treatment of canine shoulder joint luxations with severe tissue damage.

Authors: D. B. Guastella1, D. B. Fox2, J. L. Cook2
Journal: VCOT

Objectives: To compare tibial plateau angle (TPA) among Labrador Retrievers, Rottweilers, Boxers, and German Shepherd Dogs that had undergone tibial plateau leveling osteotomies (TPLO) for cranial cruciate ligament disease, and to determine if higher TPAs are associated with increased risk for concurrent meniscal injury. Methods: This was a retrospective study including 275 client-owned dogs of one of the four aforementioned breeds that received TPLO radiographs between 1999 and 2005 prior to undergoing the TPLO procedure.